Our microbiomes: what do they do for us?

From the moment we are born, our bodies become home to trillions of microbes. This vast community of microorganisms—including bacteria, fungi, and viruses—is collectively known as the human microbiome. These commensal organisms live almost everywhere: on our skin, within our mouths, across mucosal surfaces, and throughout our gut. Over time, our bodies have formed a mutually beneficial relationship with them, a process known as symbiosis. Far from being merely harmful, as once believed, microbes are now recognized as essential allies. They support digestion, train and regulate our immune system, and produce key metabolites that are vital for overall health. Increasingly, research shows that maintaining a balanced microbiome can profoundly influence both human health and disease.