The Plant Microbiome

Plants are vital for humans, animals, and insects, providing food, medicines, cosmetics, biofuels, and clothing. They also regulate Earth's climate by removing carbon dioxide and converting it into oxygen and cellular material through photosynthesis. Their extensive root systems reduce soil erosion and provide nutrients to many soil organisms, which in turn support nutrient cycling and supply plants with essential nutrients. A large proportion of these organisms are microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, protists, and viruses, found not only in soil but also in plant tissues like leaves, flowers, stems, roots, fruits, and seeds. Together, these microbial communities form the plant microbiome. Plant microorganisms can positively impact plant health and productivity, benefiting agricultural production and contributing to the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).